In terms of navigation safety, how should vessels that are maneuvering near one another communicate?

Vessels that are maneuvering near one another primarily communicate using sound signals as prescribed by the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs). These sound signals are crucial for conveying intentions, such as a vessel's course changes or maneuvers, allowing mariners to understand each other's actions and enhance situational awareness. For instance, a single short blast generally indicates a vessel is altering its course to starboard, while two short blasts indicate a course change to port.

While visual signals are also used, they are often not sufficient on their own, particularly in situations of limited visibility or when distances between vessels make visual communication impractical. Written communication and radio transmission, though helpful in certain scenarios, are typically not the standard method for close-range navigational situations where immediate action is required. Sound signals provide clear, immediate communication that is vital in ensuring the safety of navigation in tightly crowded or maneuvering areas.