What is the expected action when two vessels are overtaking each other?

When two vessels are overtaking each other, the expected action is for the overtaking vessel to keep clear. This is aligned with the rules established in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), specifically Rule 13, which states that any vessel that is overtaking another must give way to the vessel that is being overtaken.

The rationale for this rule is to ensure safety by preventing potential collisions, as the overtaking vessel is likely to maneuver closer to the other vessel, which could lead to dangerous situations if both vessels do not adhere to this established protocol. The overtaking vessel is responsible for maintaining a safe distance and ensuring that its actions do not compromise the safe navigation of the vessel ahead.

While sounding a warning signal may be necessary in certain situations, it is not a requirement solely related to overtaking. Additionally, the overtaken vessel is not obligated to stop, nor is it required that both vessels alter course; the responsibility lies primarily with the overtaking vessel to avoid any risk of collision.